Keep Your Blood Pressure in Check

As we age, our bodies undergo a number of changes that can affect our overall health and well-being. One of the most significant health concerns for seniors is the risk of high blood pressure, also known as hypertension. High blood pressure can lead to serious complications such as stroke, heart attack, and kidney disease, making it important for seniors to take steps to maintain a healthy blood pressure.

In this article, we will explore the factors that contribute to high blood pressure in seniors, provide tips for maintaining a healthy blood pressure, and discuss common blood pressure medications that may be prescribed by a healthcare professional. By taking control of their blood pressure, seniors can live a long and healthy life.

Factors that Contribute to High Blood Pressure in Seniors

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a common issue among older adults. There are several factors that can contribute to high blood pressure in seniors, including the following:

Aging

As we get older, our blood vessels become less flexible and more prone to blockages, leading to an increase in blood pressure. This age-related increase in blood pressure is natural, but it can be exacerbated by other factors such as poor diet and lack of exercise.

Poor diet that is high in sodium and unhealthy fats

This can contribute to high blood pressure in seniors. Excess sodium can cause the body to retain water, leading to an increase in blood volume and, subsequently, blood pressure. On the other hand, a diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help to lower blood pressure and improve overall health.

Lack of exercise

Staying active is an essential part of maintaining a healthy blood pressure in seniors. Regular physical activity helps to strengthen the heart, lower blood pressure, and improve overall health. However, lack of exercise can lead to an increase in blood pressure due to a decrease in cardiovascular fitness.

Chronic stress

This can also contribute to high blood pressure in seniors as the body's natural response to stress is to release hormones such as cortisol, which can increase heart rate and blood pressure. Managing stress through techniques such as meditation or deep breathing can help to lower blood pressure and improve overall health.

Certain medications

Some common medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and oral contraceptives, can increase blood pressure. It is essential to talk to a healthcare professional about any medications that may contribute to high blood pressure and to find alternative treatment options if necessary.

Tips for Maintaining Healthy Blood Pressure in Seniors

High blood pressure is also widely known as the “silent killer”, because it has no visible symptoms, which is a problem because it increases the risk of serious health conditions. While there is no definitive cure, there are ways to minimize the risk of having a high blood pressure, here are some:

Eat a healthy diet

This means avoiding foods that are high in sodium, which can contribute to high blood pressure. Instead, focus on consuming a diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. These types of foods are high in nutrients and fiber, which can help to lower blood pressure and improve overall health.

Exercise regularly

Physical activity can help to lower blood pressure, improve cardiovascular health, and increase muscle strength. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise. This can include activities such as walking, swimming, or cycling.

Find ways to manage stress levels

Techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, and yoga can all help to reduce stress and improve overall health.

Monitor blood pressure regularly

This can be done at home with a blood pressure monitor or at a healthcare professional's office. This can help to identify any potential issues and allow for timely treatment.

Talk to a healthcare professional

Discuss matters about any medications they are taking that may contribute to high blood pressure. Some medications, such as decongestants can increase blood pressure. A healthcare professional can help to determine if these medications are necessary and provide alternative options if needed.

Common Blood Pressure Medication for Seniors

If lifestyle changes alone are not enough to manage blood pressure, a healthcare professional may prescribe medication to help lower and maintain a healthy level.

Diuretics, also known as water pills

These medications work by increasing the amount of urine produced, which helps to remove excess salt and water from the body. This can help to lower blood pressure by reducing the volume of fluid in the blood vessels. Diuretics are typically well-tolerated and have few side effects, but they may cause some seniors to experience increased thirst or need to urinate more frequently.

ACE inhibitors are another type of blood pressure medication that is often prescribed for seniors

These medications work by blocking the action of an enzyme in the body that constricts blood vessels, leading to a reduction in blood pressure. ACE inhibitors are generally well-tolerated, but they may cause some seniors to experience a dry cough or angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, or tongue).

Beta blockers

These are another class of blood pressure medications that work by blocking the action of certain hormones in the body that can cause blood vessels to constrict, leading to an increase in blood pressure. Beta blockers can be effective in lowering blood pressure and preventing heart attacks and strokes, but they may cause some seniors to experience side effects such as dizziness or fatigue.

Calcium channel blockers

These are another class of blood pressure medications that work by blocking the movement of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessels, leading to a relaxation of these muscles and a reduction in blood pressure. Calcium channel blockers are generally well-tolerated, but they may cause some seniors to experience side effects such as dizziness or constipation.

It is important for seniors to work closely with their healthcare professional to determine the best medication or combination of medications to effectively manage their blood pressure. While these medications can be beneficial in maintaining a healthy blood pressure, it is also important for seniors to make lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and managing stress in order to achieve optimal health.